Bbick-machiste



UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

HENRY VHITE, OF CLEVELAND., OHIO.

BRICK-MACHNE.

Toall whom 'it may concern:

Beit knownl that I, H'ELYRY VVni'rE, of Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and `State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Machinefor Making Pressed Brick, the object of which improvement is the makingof pressed brick from tempered clay of such temper that the bricks canbe placed in the kiln directly from the machine; the construction of amold whereby brick can be made and discharged therefrom without theabrading or wearing away thereof and by which the molds are renderedmore durable and the brick made of a uniform size, and to feed the clayto the inold in such a manner as to render it necessary only to have asufficient amount, and also to secure a more uniform density to thebrick; and l do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description of the construction and operation of the same,reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of thisspecification, in whichW i Figure l is a perspective view, Fig. 2 across section, Fig. 3 a longitudinal skeleton section, and Fig. 4 afractional section.

No. l is the main power clam' thatswor'ks thei upper plunger. This camis formed with two circular disks set face to face, at such distanceapart as may be required for a pitman `to work between them, the pitmanto be made with a slot so as to pass over the shaft and of sufficientlength to allow the Gains' to revolve. and also to work in a guide onthe under side of machine. The pitman will have a pin through it, abovethe shaft, and a 'sheave on each end thereof, the sheaves to run in agroove sunk in the face of each disk, the shaft to be placed one inchfrom theinner edge of the groove on the one side, and seven inchestherefrom on the opposite side thereof. The cam is made to give a riseof six inches to the pitman by which the plunger is thrown up from themold and in its descent the clay is pressed into the mold by whichdevice a heavy pressure upon the brick is obtained at that point on thecam nearest to the center of the shaft.

No. 2, is the second power cams by which the lower plunger is worked,and which is made to rise one and a half inches, the movenient of whichis reverse to that of cam No. l: No. 3, cams to spread and contract themold,v the forms of which are seen in section Fig. 4: No. 4, cams tolift the brick from the mold; No. 5, cams to raise and lower theSpecification of Letters Patent No. 21,458, dated September 7, 1858.

feed box, all of which are placed on the main shaft a; No. 6, a cam` onthe shaft b to throw forward the plane and gate K, and slide the brickoftl the plunger E when raised by cams No. -L

A, is the frame of machine; A', the frame that supports the elevator,grate, feed chute, and one hopper; M, the mold, which is constructed offour parts m 711, m m, put together with beveled joints, so that whenthe head or end is moved back or outwardly, the sides thereof will beforced back, by which the mold is enlarged each way without opening thejoints thereof, as is shown in Fig. 5, which is a top view of the mold.The mold is made the proper size for the length and width of a brick andfive inches deep, in the lower part of which the lower plunger is set,and is so arranged that when it is raised up in the process of pressingit will give the proper thickness to the brick from the top of mold.Each side of the mold is perforated with a series of holes forventilation, to be arranged just below the top of plunger E, whenraisedto its highest point, as shown in 6 and 7 which are a face andbottom view of one side of mold. Figs. 8 and 9 are a top and end view ofone end of mold.

a aare tongues that slide into the grooves b b of Fig. 6 to keep theparts in place; B, a gate that carries the upper plunger. It is attachedto the pitnin C, and thus to cam No. l; the upper cross head piece isa1"- ranged to be raised or lowered by means of the screws and nut-s onthe rods bj D, the gate that Acarries' the lower plunger E, which isworked on cams No. 2. The plungeris set in the top of gate D, having ashoulder on each side and end, by which it is raised. The shank ofplunger passes through the top of gate D, arid is attached to the top`of gate F, which is worked on cams No. 4, the form of which is shown inFig. 10. These calins sustain the plunger to the point raised by camsNo. 2, until the upper surface of the brick is planed oft' and until themold is spread by cams No. 3, and which requires the period of onerevolution of the small gear wheel X', or a quarter revolution of thelarge gear wheel X. The planer G is set in the gate G, which is made topass over the top of mold by the gate K, to which it is attached by therods J J.V K is hinged at the bottom near the` shaft b and is moved backthe pawl H and the pins t in the rim of each disk of cam No. l, by whichthe gate G is carried over the top of mold and about an inch beyond theplunger. The planer G, which is a cylinder with knives thereon, is madeto revolve continuously, the motion to which is given by the pulleys OO, on the shaft b and the pulleys O and O2 in gate K, and the belts gand g. The plane is intended to cut away all the surplus clay above orfrom the top of mold, by which the brick is cut to its proper thickness, when the mold being spread the lower plunger E is raised throughthe top of D by gate F and cams No. up to and about a quarter of an inchabove the top of mold, when by the reversed movement of gate Gr thebrick is pushed off from the plunger on to the endless apron and carried`from the mold. The reversed or forward stroke of the gate Gr is made bycam No. '6, the form of which is seen in 3 on shaft 71, and its actionis regulated by the levers c and c and the gate D, to the lower end ofwhich c is att-ached, and also to the fulcrum c2. c is attached tofulcrum c3. lVhen the gate D is lowered it carries the lever C and Cdown, when the pawl L, (which is att-ached to K, and by the couplingrods L to c,) is brought down so that cam No. 6 strikes L, at everyfourth revolution thereof, and at the second revolution after K has beenthrown back, and carries the gates K and Gr forward and with it the'brick. The top of E,`is made to project over the body of plunger andbeveled up so as to show an edge of about one eighth of an inch, theobject of which is to give freedom to the working of the plunger and toprevent it from fouling with the clay. N arms by vwhich the parts of themold are held together laterally and endwise, and which by means of camsthereon and of cams No. 3 are made to spread the mold for dischargingthe brick and to contract it again to its proper size after the plungerhas fallen to its place. The cams on the arms N, can be placed on oneend thereof, and attached to the inner side of the frame, or the armsmay extend through the frame, with the cams on each side thereof, asshown in the drawings. The cams must be made to move the several partsof the mold the exact distance required and to hold them together withgreat firmness when closed for use. The arms N are worked by the gates Oand the levers P, the coupling rods P', and levers P2, and cams No. 3,and must be arranged to spread the mold immediately after the brick havebeen cut, and to contract it again when the plunger E has fallen to itsplace after lift-A ing the brick from t-he mold. Q two gates, and Q twocross pieces that support the feed box R, and hopper S. They are made torise up about three inches and remain up while the brick is being cutand discharged from the mold, and also for being refilled when it islowered again. They are worked by cams No. 5, the form of which is seenin Fig. ll. Y

The feed box R is set over the mold, and about a quarter of an inchabove the top thereof when down, and through which the upper plungerworks. The clay is fed into the box R from the hoppers by means of thesliding head T. `4 The hopper S is filled from the supply hopperS, bymeans of a swing bottom, which is hung with pivots on one side andsustained by the weights y' on the opposite side. lVhen the amount ofclay, by

weight, has been fed into the hopper fromv the chute U, the bottom fallson the check fv, by which it is held until the hopper S is raised up,which stripes the tongue of check o (which is held forward by thebalance V) and forcing it back the bottom of S falls' and the clay isemptied into the hopper S, and is deposited in front of the slide T,which is then drawn back, and as the hopper S and feed box R fall thebottom of S is again raised up by the weights y'. When .the bottom of Sfalls on the check o the leaf U, in the bott-om of Vchute U, is raisedupV and checks the feed, but when the bottom falls into the hopper S theleaf U is raised up so as to cut off the feed until it is again' loweredby the same motion that raises the bottom of S. The weights j and theleaf U are adjusted on the pulley h and z' and the weights are graduatedto give necessary quantity of clay to make a brick. The sliding head T,the rod T,the sliding gate W and the levers W are worked by the camsformed with the pins e and the projecting ends of the main shaft a onthe driving wheel X and the disk Y by which the head T is drawn backwhen the feed box is being raised up and thrown forward again when it islowered. Z2, pulley; Z1, axle, and Z Z the drums that carry the elevatorby which the clay is carried up and thrown into the chute U.. Oven theelevator there is a grate for the purpose of separating the clay intofragments. It is constructed with rods lengthwise of the frame. Setabout one and a half inches apart, and each rod is to have a spike aboutonce in eight inches on the upper side thereof, the spike to be abouttwo inches high and made sharp, and also spikes crosswise of the rods toproject a half inch on each side thereof, to be placed intermediatelybetween the spike on the upper side, the spike to be sharp, the grate tobe secured crosswise in a suitable manner. the drum; 7, the axle, and fthe pulley that carries the endless apron for discharging the brick; g,the pulley on one side of mold that carries the upper end of apron. The

endless apron and the elevator are driven by pulleys on the shaft b, thesize of each to be graduated according to the speed required.

The power is applied to the machine by a pulley on the shaft b alongsidethe small gear Wheel, and it is intended to place a serics of machinesside by side, the poiver to be connected, but every mold must have itsown distinctl arrangement as above set forth, the machines to beconstructed of iron or Wood and iron with steel facings if required forthe molds. The large gearl Wheel must be four times the size of thesmall gear Wheel.

.llocle 0f operatioa-The clay having been properly prepared in the usualor in any known Way, care being taken to remove the stones, and the clayor pug having become suiiciently dry to break up into fragments under arake, is thrown on the grate, through which it falls into the buckets ofthe elevator, and is carried up and thrown into the U, and thus throughthe hoppers and feed box, into the`mold, Where it is pressed by thecombined action of cams Nos. l and 2 both from the upper and under side.The upper plunger is intended to press the clay into the mold but not toa definite thickness, and it will be observed that While the process ofpressing the brick is being performed that all the other parts of themachine are at rest or nearly so, the brick being pressed and the upperplunger raised up tivo inches or thereabout, and the feed boX raised upthe plane is made to pass over the top of mold and cut away all surplusclay. Then the mold is spread and the brick raised above the top thereofand is carried off on the endless apron, and While the above was beingdone the hoppers Were being refilled and thus automatically the processis carried on.

l claiml. The beveled joints of the mold as arranged and for the purposespecified.

I also claim the mechanism as described when relatively arranged andcombined in its several parts as set forth and for the purposesspecified.

HENRY HITE.

itnesses AARON CLARK, S. A. JEWETT.

